The Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta is home to a number of ecoregions, which vary with elevation. Mammals found in the park include: tapir, cougar, jaguar, squirrel, Transandinomys talamancae, otter, and brocket deer. The area is home to 440 species of birds, including black-fronted wood-quail, king vulture, Andean condor, Santa Marta warbler and Santa Marta parakeet. Of the 3,057 endangered species, 44 are found here. Of Colombia's 340 endemic species, 44 are found in the park, for example seven species of endemic hummingbirds. The indigenous peoples made an alcoholic beverage from fruits of the palm Attalea maripa found at the lower elevations. There is a great variety and large populations of epiphytes and lianas, and more than 3,000 species of vascular plants are found in the area.
The tropical rainforest is made up of perennial trees, with a canopy reaching between 30 to 40 m (98 to 131 ft). It is calculated that the yearly average rainfall is 4,000 mm (157.5 in) at elevations of 500 to 1,500 m (1,640 to 4,921 ft).
This implies a theoretical direct line of sight of just over 500 km (310 mi), reported to be the longest between any two points on the surface of the Earth. Several peaks in the Sierra Nevada are intervisible with Cerro Paramillo, a 3,730 m (12,240 ft) peak in Antioquia Department. This makes its highest point the world's fifth most prominent summit. Although it is associated with the Tropical Andes, the main backbone of the Andes cannot be reached from the Sierra Nevada without dropping below this level. The Sierra Nevada is a compact group, relatively small in area, and completely surrounded by lands with elevations below 200 m (660 ft). SRTM data and local topographic maps show that their true elevations are approximately 5,700 m (18,700 ft), lower than the 5,775 m (18,947 ft) elevation that is often quoted. The highest point of the Sierra Nevada group (and Colombia in general) may be either Pico Cristóbal Colón or Pico Simón Bolívar, both in the municipalities of Santa Marta and Aracataca it has yet to be determined which is higher. The range is in the Departments of Magdalena, Cesar and La Guajira. The Sierra Nevada encompasses about 17,000 km 2 (6,600 sq mi) and serves as the source of 36 rivers. Reaching an elevation of 5,700 m (18,700 ft) just 42 km (26 mi) from the Caribbean coast, the Sierra Nevada is the highest coastal range in the tropics, and one of the highest coastal ranges in the world, being 250 metres (820 ft) shorter than the Saint Elias Mountains in Canada. The Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (English: Snow-Covered Mountain Range of Saint Martha) is an isolated mountain range in northern Colombia, separate from the Andes range that runs through the north of the country.
0 kommentar(er)
